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Termites live and work collectively in nests or colonies. Members of this colony take different forms or castes. These include:
Their wings are equal size and shape and twice the length of their body. They shed after the colonising flight is made. Shed wings are a fantastic indication of presence.
These are the forms of the colony including prospective kings and queens of colonies .
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The reproductives reside in a central room in the nest where a female, or queen, will lay many thousands of eggs each year over her entire life span of approximately a decade. Male, or kings, are responsible for fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites grow in the colony by shedding cuticles at the end of every growth stage, gradually changing until they get to the worker, soldier or grownup (winged form). If queens die, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than workers and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their more robust skin (cuticle) can resist the outside environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the deciduous wings of termites are lost and piles of shed wings are a hint to termite infestations.
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Soldiers have darker, heads that are larger than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are tougher than the other castes and take longer to die from many toxins, exposure, or starvation. It's their function to defend the colony, if upset, while the damage is fixed by the workers.
Soldiers exist in different forms. Many species have soldiers, together with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and therefore are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They have a snout from which they eject a solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a huge head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The drywood termites, which utilize this particular strategy, are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The workers account for the greatest number of termites within the colony, and are therefore responsible for the maximum harm.
They gather food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate 24 hours a day throughout their 4-year life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs that have been tended by their own nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they are mature enough, the young work within the colony where jobs change with age and maturity.
Once a single colony becomes sufficiently large it produces winged reproductives which wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to depart the nest and undertake a website here colonising flight.
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They leave the nest for a swarm under conditions of high humidity atmosphere, and sometimes low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly up to 1km, although breezes and updrafts can take them much further.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Men respond.
They dig in and over the next few weeks, mate and look after their young until enough employees develop to take over the maintenance functions.
New colonies are sometimes established via budding. This is believed to happen when the extremities of this colony lose contact and eventually become independent.
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The primary king and queen are thought to emit hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. But this control breaks down if the land is large or contact with groups is lost.
Termites work together in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which can be fed by termites. They then develop into castes or four kinds of termite:
Soldiers have large, dark heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are more demanding than other castes and might take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the largest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for maximum damage.
Reproductives that straight from the source are darker in color have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the leaders of colonies.
The temperature, food grade, and action of this colony will determine how long it takes for a termite.